Prefabricated buildings have gained popularity due to benefits such as shorter construction cycles and improved energy efficiency. However, excessive resource consumption during the management of these buildings remains a concern, presenting safety hazards in prefabricated construction. Every detail impacts the quality of the final structure. Since most components require hoisting, ensuring safety during lifting operations is crucial and must never be overlooked.
Equipment Assessment
First, the lifting equipment must be thoroughly evaluated. The stiffness and strength of the lifting points need to comply with design specifications. The assembly and layout of the lifting equipment should meet strength requirements, and its positioning and safety must be carefully planned and verified.
Equipment Management
(1) The lifting equipment should be suitable for the objective factors of the components, including external dimensions, weight, installation location, and crane placement.
(2) Before arriving on site, the lifting equipment’s annual inspection status must be verified to ensure it is in proper working condition.
(3) Prior to use, all lifting and hoisting equipment, along with rigging, clamps, fixtures, and anchorages, should be carefully inspected or tested. Any signs of damage or looseness must be addressed immediately through repair or replacement.
(4) If any equipment shows signs of malfunction or excessive wear during trial operation, prompt repairs are required. Critical components must be tested for lifting performance before actual use, and formal hoisting should only proceed once all parts have passed inspection.
Safety Operation Training and Management
(1) All operators must hold valid professional operation certificates and complete annual recertification.
(2) Regular training sessions should be conducted for on-site supervisors, professional operators, and support staff to ensure they understand the technical aspects of lifting operations and associated safety precautions.
(3) Lifting commands must be issued by full-time personnel who have received technical training and hold the necessary qualifications. Operators must be certified to operate lifting equipment. No lifting should occur without proper command or clear signaling.
Safety Assurance Measures
(1) Clearly visible signs should be posted around the lifting area, and a dedicated safety officer must be present to prevent unauthorized personnel from entering.
(2) All personnel involved in lifting operations are required to wear safety helmets. Workers operating at heights must also wear safety harnesses, non-slip footwear, and carry appropriate tool bags.
(3) During crane operation, personnel must not enter the rotation radius of the lifting arm under any circumstances.
(4) It is strictly forbidden for personnel to stand on components while they are being transported or hoisted, or to give commands from such positions.
(5) During lifting, loose or scattered objects must not be stacked or hung on components. Materials must be securely fastened using slings, steel cables, or safety ropes. Throwing materials, tools, or objects is strictly prohibited.
(6) Components should be lifted at a controlled speed without prolonged suspension at height. Sudden lifting or lowering movements are forbidden to prevent components from falling.
(7) Lifting operations should be suspended during adverse weather conditions such as strong winds, snow, or fog. If operations are necessary, appropriate anti-slip measures must be implemented. Night operations require adequate lighting. Lifting is prohibited in severe weather, including winds of level six or higher.
Source: Architectural Technology Magazine
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