According to recent data, there are as many as 70 different types of BIM software, with 25 to 30 being commonly used. These programs cover various fields including architecture, structural engineering, electromechanical systems, lighting, and weak current monitoring, making the selection quite overwhelming. Today, I will provide a brief overview of the main types of BIM software to help clarify the landscape.
Category 1: Building Modeling Software
As the name implies, this category includes BIM software primarily focused on drawing and modeling. The key feature of these tools is the ability to add a Z-axis (or vector) to traditional CAD, transforming flat 2D drawings into 3D models with X, Y, and Z dimensions. However, their BIM application is limited to drafting; functions like quantity takeoff and energy consumption analysis typically require integration with other software. Autodesk’s Revit series is a prominent example in this category. Although Revit originally started as separate software that Autodesk acquired and rebranded to strengthen its BIM offerings, it remains highly suitable for beginners looking to enter the BIM field. Ultimately, hands-on use will determine its effectiveness for each user.
Category 2: Specialized BIM Software
This type of software goes beyond basic modeling by offering comprehensive BIM solutions through dedicated management platforms or data centers. A notable example is ArchiCAD, considered the world’s first BIM software. Emerging in the late 1980s and early 1990s alongside the concept of virtual construction, ArchiCAD has evolved into a full system that includes modeling tools, management platforms, and even cloud services.
Other similar professional-grade software includes Bentley’s Benttley suite and Dassault’s solutions. This category also encompasses BIM tools specialized in certain architectural fields, such as Tekla for steel structures, CATIA for complex surfaces, Rhino for advanced modeling, MagiCAD for pipeline integration, Ecotact for energy analysis, and Guanglian Da and Luban for structural calculations.
Regarding budgeting and cost estimation software, quantity calculation has become a standout feature. PKPM, which operates within its own ecosystem, leads the market, while Guanglian Da and Luban also offer unique strengths in BIM quantity takeoff.
Category 3: Management-Focused BIM Software
Management-oriented BIM software primarily addresses project equipment implementation and the full lifecycle management of buildings. This area remains relatively underdeveloped in China, likely due to a late start and weaker industry foundations. In contrast, foreign markets place significant emphasis here. For example, ArchiBUS from the United States is a leader in this domain, alongside ArchiFM in the graphic software series—both of which are geared toward BIM management.
In my view, the slow adoption of management-focused BIM software is partly due to widespread misconceptions about BIM across the industry. Additionally, the legacy of the CAD era—with its ineffective management of design drawings and documentation, chaotic construction project oversight, and outsourcing of owner operations and maintenance—has hindered the growth and acceptance of BIM management tools.
That covers the main categories of BIM software. It’s important to note that these classifications are somewhat subjective, as they are based on the software’s primary functions. I apologize if there are any inaccuracies, but I hope this overview helps provide a clearer understanding.
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