For newcomers entering the BIM industry, quickly grasping the relevant terminology is crucial. Today, I will share a summary of key BIM-related terms to help you get started.
1. BIM Model
A BIM model is a parametric, digital, and visual ND (where D ≥ 3) model created using specialized BIM software based on BIM technology. The information contained within a BIM model typically includes both geometric and non-geometric data. These models offer various functions such as visual communication, clash detection, improved quantity takeoff accuracy, data analysis, construction simulation, and operation and maintenance management.
Beyond providing 3D drawings and object-oriented capabilities, the BIM model serves as a communication platform throughout all project phases—from planning to final operation and maintenance—allowing access to all relevant information.
2. BIM Model Accuracy (LOD)
The concept of Level of Development (LOD) originates from the American Institute of Architects (AIA). It was introduced to clarify responsibilities regarding the integration of BIM model component data into contractual frameworks. Essentially, LOD defines the expected level of detail and information contained in the BIM model at various project stages.
AIA categorizes BIM model development into five progressive levels:
- LOD 100 – Planning and conceptual design stage
- LOD 200 – Design stage
- LOD 300 – Detailed design
- LOD 400 – Construction, manufacturing, and assembly
- LOD 500 – As-built, completed model
3. Geometry and Non-Geometry
In BIM models, geometric data refers to the spatial and dimensional representation of the model’s structure—such as length, width, height, and other measurements. All other information that does not relate to geometry is considered non-geometric data.
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