To comprehensively enhance the technological standards of the construction industry, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has released a notice promoting the implementation of the “10 New Technologies for the Construction Industry (2017 Edition).” Below are the details of these technologies. As a first-class constructor or an aspiring one, it is essential to familiarize yourself with them:
3D Printing Decorative Modeling Template Technology
This technology utilizes 3D-printed decorative modeling templates made from organic materials such as polyurethane rubber and silicone. These templates are used in prefabricated residential buildings and offer excellent tensile strength, tear resistance, bonding strength, as well as resistance to alkalis and oils. They can be reused 50 to 100 times. By applying these templates, various textures and patterns can be imprinted on concrete surfaces, showcasing a range of decorative effects. The templates create realistic material textures with impressive simulation results.
3.11.1 Technical Details
(1) 3D printing decorative modeling templates provide a high-quality and cost-effective solution, allowing designers, architects, and homeowners to achieve diverse concrete decorative effects.
(2) These templates are typically made from polyurethane rubber and silicone, offering strong wear resistance, flexibility, alkali, and oil resistance. They allow easy demolding without damaging the concrete surface and can accurately replicate intricate shapes, textures, and grooves.
(3) By using these templates, different surface textures can be created to enhance color depth and mimic authentic material textures with excellent realism (see Figure 3.10-1 and Figure 3.10-2). Customized engraved templates designed for the high-end concrete market produce varying stripe widths on concrete surfaces depending on sunlight angles, creating vivid shadow effects (see Figure 3.10-3).
(4) Key features of 3D printing decorative modeling templates include:
- Enabling integrated structural decoration during concrete forming, which eliminates the need for secondary decoration in industrialized buildings;
- Ensuring safety and durability, preventing hazards such as tile detachment;
- Reducing costs through template reusability;
- Delivering realistic decorative effects that replicate materials like stone or wood, minimizing resource waste.
Figure 3.10 Simulation Effect of Decorative Modeling Template
3.11.2 Technical Specifications
Main template types: Type 1 and Type 2
Operating temperature range: up to +65℃
Texture depth: greater than 25 mm
Maximum template sizes: approximately 1m x 5m and 4m x 10m
Elastic body types: Light type (gamma=0.9), Standard type (gamma=1.4)
Template lifespan: reusable 50 to 100 times
Packaging: flat or rolled
Table 3.2 Main Technical Indicators and Parameters
3.11.3 Applications
3D printing decorative modeling template technology enables the design of unique decorative shapes, offering architects greater creative freedom with three-dimensional forms. By integrating structural and decorative functions, this technology is applicable to both prefabricated and cast-in-place building components. It is widely used in industrial and residential buildings, including walls, tunnels, subway stations, and large shopping centers. This approach ensures that decorative elements and structural components share the same durability and maintain harmony between building aesthetics and the surrounding environment.
3.11.4 Engineering Examples
Notable projects employing this technology include the 2010 World Expo Shanghai Case Pavilion, cast-in-place construction of the Shanghai Chongming Bridge, Shanghai South Station soundproof screen, Shanghai Qingpu Bridge, Shanghai Hongqiao Airport Line 10 entrance, Shanghai Metro Jinshajiang Road Station, Hangzhou Jiubao Bridge, Shanghai Changde Road landscape fence and flower bed, Shanghai Wildlife Park subway station, World Expo China Pavilion subway station, and Shanghai Wuning Road Bridge, among others.
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