When defining BIM technology, the National BIM Standard (NBIMS) in the United States is often referenced:
① BIM is the digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of building objects.
② BIM serves as a shared information resource for building objects, providing a reliable foundation for decision-making throughout the entire project lifecycle.
③ BIM is a shared digital representation based on interoperable open standards. Its effective application requires collaboration among different project stakeholders at various stages of the building object’s lifecycle, allowing them to insert, extract, update, and modify project information. BIM supports and reflects the roles played by these stakeholders throughout this process.
In China, BIM is defined in the “Unified Standard for Building Information Modeling Application” as a general term that refers to the digital expression of the physical and functional characteristics of objects throughout the entire lifecycle of construction projects and facilities, as well as the processes and outcomes of design, construction, and operation based on this digital representation.
The “Report on the Development of Informationization in China’s Construction Industry (2014)” defines BIM as:
A system based on building information that includes three-dimensional geometric models combined with other data and supports open standards. It leverages advanced software to enhance the efficiency and quality of planning, design, construction management, operation, and maintenance of building projects. BIM enables information sharing throughout the building lifecycle, optimizing critical factors such as lifecycle costs.
Drawing from both theoretical research and practical engineering applications of BIM technology worldwide, the following conclusions can be made:
① Theoretically, BIM technology is recognized as a digital representation of shareable information related to building objects. It acts as a supportive tool for management and decision-making by all participants throughout the building object’s entire lifecycle.
② In practical engineering applications, BIM goes beyond being a mere digital model. Its role encompasses both technical and managerial aspects within projects.
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