In China, Building Information Modeling (BIM) management in engineering construction has gradually gained recognition, especially in large-scale public building projects. BIM compensates for the limitations of traditional construction methods, significantly enhancing management efficiency and delivering substantial benefits to enterprises. However, during its practical implementation, several challenges have emerged. These include a lack of standardization, poor coordination among relevant departments, limited reference cases, and insufficient organization of BIM teams. These issues have become significant obstacles to the widespread adoption and effective practice of BIM. The main reasons are outlined below:

(1) The design teams have traditionally relied on 2D CAD for project planning and design, while construction teams and owners manage projects based on these 2D drawings. Years of working with two-dimensional data have made it difficult for stakeholders to transition away from this dependency.
(2) Standardization is crucial in the construction industry, yet China currently lacks relevant regulations and practical, enforceable procedures for BIM implementation. Additionally, since only a few projects have been completed using BIM technology, there are limited real-world cases to learn from, resulting in a shortage of both theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience.
(3) Successful BIM adoption requires all project participants—designers, constructors, owners, and others—to embrace BIM principles throughout every stage of the project. While BIM increases complexity for designers during early design phases and demands the development of specialized BIM teams, project owners, who initiate and lead construction projects, often do not give BIM sufficient attention.















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