The IPD (Integrated Project Delivery) mode is a highly collaborative approach that encompasses multiple phases, including project design, construction, and operation. Unlike traditional delivery methods, the IPD model emphasizes the composition and cooperation of the IPD team, strict control over the production process, and maximizing project benefits by leveraging the strengths of the entire team. Customer needs are also carefully considered during the team’s formation. To optimize project outcomes, all participants engage in detailed management throughout the project lifecycle, aligning well with the principles of lean construction.
As projects grow more complex, engineering information processing efficiency tends to decline. Sharing data solely through text is no longer adequate to meet the real-time management requirements of all stakeholders. BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology serves as a powerful project management tool for IPD teams, facilitating effective communication and overcoming challenges related to large-scale data sharing. Moreover, the IPD model establishes a dedicated team for BIM application, effectively addressing BIM’s limitations caused by traditional dual-contract arrangements.
Research shows that integrating the IPD approach with BIM technology not only creates a synergistic effect but also fulfills the goals of lean construction. At its core, lean construction focuses on satisfying customer needs through lean design and management, aiming for optimal cost efficiency and maximum productivity. Combining the features of IPD and BIM reveals that IPD, as an integrated delivery method, inherently embodies lean construction principles. Simultaneously, BIM acts as a tool for precise design and construction, supporting lean methodologies. Thus, the combined use of IPD mode and BIM technology can successfully achieve the objectives of lean construction. The following diagram illustrates the lean construction implementation model based on BIM within the IPD framework:
In summary, lean construction is a management philosophy that must be upheld within the IPD model to enable dynamic error correction, waste reduction, and enhanced customer satisfaction. By adopting the IPD integrated delivery model, the principles of lean construction are effectively realized. BIM technology provides the essential technical tools to support lean construction implementation. Acting as a bridge connecting all project stakeholders, BIM establishes a platform for timely and efficient information exchange. Its multidimensional capabilities also allow for improved control of project costs. Therefore, the combination of IPD mode and BIM technology creates an optimization effect on engineering expenses where the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
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