BIM technology plays a crucial role in the next generation of computer-aided design. Currently, China is experiencing a boom in large-scale infrastructure construction. Effectively promoting the application of BIM technology can significantly accelerate the advancement of modern construction engineering techniques.
However, to fully leverage BIM technology, three major challenges must be addressed.
The first and foremost challenge is related to application software. Currently, China mainly depends on software imported from developed countries for BIM research. Although BIM software in these countries is relatively mature, this is insufficient for China’s specific needs. On one hand, existing software does not fully comply with China’s design standards. On the other hand, China must focus on developing BIM software with independent intellectual property rights. This approach will not only create new economic opportunities but also reduce reliance on foreign BIM software.
The second challenge concerns technical standards. The IFC standard has become a widely accepted BIM data standard internationally. For example, the United States promotes the NBIMS standard, supported by major software developers like Autodesk, who offer integrated software solutions with seamless data exchange. China, however, has yet to recognize the importance of such standards fully. Since BIM data supports the entire lifecycle of construction projects, often spanning over 50 years, depending on data standards controlled by a single vendor is unsustainable in the long term.
Unlike the US, China lacks large software developers like Autodesk and therefore needs more software companies involved in BIM application development. Establishing data standards is essential to ensure interoperability between different software platforms. Currently, China has only adopted the platform aspects of the IFC standard without comprehensive research on international standards. There is also a need to tailor standards to fit China’s construction realities. Furthermore, beyond technical data standards like IFC, higher-level application standards—such as 3D building design standards—are necessary to better support BIM technology’s practical use.
The third challenge involves the application model. At present, BIM technology is applied in a limited and fragmented manner. This is evident in two ways: first, BIM is often used only during specific stages of construction, such as for animation purposes, which is akin to simply sharing 3D model data and fails to harness BIM’s full potential. Second, there is a misconception that one or a few software solutions can address all issues throughout the entire construction lifecycle. However, no single software is all-encompassing. Continuous exploration is required to identify the most effective methods for solving problems.
For instance, secondary development and software optimization based on existing platforms can better meet the diverse needs at various stages of construction.
For BIM technology to develop smoothly and sustainably in China, it must be deeply integrated into the construction industry environment. Many countries have already established effective BIM standards and regulations. If BIM can address the unique demands of China’s construction market, it will undoubtedly bring transformative changes to the industry.
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