BIM serves as a platform for sharing building information resources, providing a solid and reliable foundation for decision-making and planning throughout the entire lifecycle of construction projects. Among the various types of information involved in construction enterprises, the primary focus should be on the construction phase. General contractors must effectively utilize the project data available on the BIM platform to organize construction activities and ensure sustainable development.
According to the National BIM Standard (NBMS) in the United States, BIM’s practical significance can be understood on three levels:
- First, BIM is a data-driven technology that provides an intelligent digital representation of building form, structure, and equipment.
- Second, BIM represents a collaborative process involving open information standards, transaction identification, dynamic driving, automated processing capabilities, and sustainable information maintenance.
- Third, BIM acts as a tool platform that supports information exchange, workflow management, and procedural steps throughout a building’s entire lifecycle, ensuring repeatability, verifiability, and sustainability.
Some international consulting firms, pioneers in BIM technology, describe BIM as a process based on data information that uses digital models to enhance design, construction, and operational management. Leveraging advanced 3D digital design modules, BIM establishes a visual building information model that provides a scientific digital collaboration platform. This enables dynamic simulation and analysis for all stakeholders involved in construction projects, as well as end-users.
Through BIM’s automated processing capabilities, tasks such as collision detection, construction process simulation, and asset operation management can be carried out during project design, maximizing overall benefits.
In the book series Construction Engineering Informatization – BIM Theory and Practice, domestic scholars define BIM as:
“An engineering data model based on three-dimensional digital technology that integrates various relevant information from different stages of construction projects. It offers a detailed digital representation of project-related information. The BIM structure comprises both digital models and behavioral models—data models related to geometric shapes and attributes, and behavioral models concerning management. These two components are combined and linked to give data meaningful context, enabling the simulation of real-world behaviors.”
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