During the construction phase of a building project, BIM data information flows through creation, usage, updates, and maintenance by numerous participants, each employing different exchange methods and storage formats. This process involves handling a vast amount of data. Due to the nature of the construction phase, BIM data continuously accumulates, and some data loss is inevitable during transmission.
The construction phase follows the engineering planning, decision-making, and design stages. Consequently, data from these earlier stages is inherited and utilized in construction. The planning and decision-making stage primarily sets the project objectives and defines the tasks for each lifecycle phase. The data generated here, both quantitative and qualitative—such as the developer, project location, and project scale—impacts all subsequent stages.
During the design phase, most data consists of model information, which serves as a foundation for realizing building models in the construction phase. Design changes during construction act as a secondary review and refinement of this design data, representing a continuous cycle of inspection, modification, and improvement.
The data flow during construction not only inherits information from the planning and design stages but also generates new data specific to construction itself. This phase can be divided into two main stages: construction planning and construction implementation.
The construction planning stage mainly covers the bidding process. Data here predominantly originates from the design phase but also includes construction methods and organization details. Some of this information may need to be fed back to the design phase, leading to design adjustments and the creation of new data flows.
During the construction implementation stage, data primarily includes design details, construction organization plans, and related information.
Analyzing BIM data flows in the construction phase reveals several key characteristics:
1. Large Volume
The amount of data during the construction phase is immense, covering architectural, structural, and mechanical & electrical designs, engineering contracts, project management data, and more. This volume tends to increase as construction progresses.
2. Diverse Information Sources
Many parties are involved in construction, each generating data based on their roles. These sources include developers, investors, designers, and construction teams. Since these participants operate in separate systems, the data they produce is multi-sourced and stored in a decentralized manner.
3. Dynamic Nature
Like any project entity, BIM data during construction has a complete lifecycle. The long construction period and frequent unforeseen events mean that this data is constantly changing and dynamic.
4. Complex Data Types
BIM data during construction encompasses both structured and unstructured types. Structured data can be managed using fixed database technologies for integrated data management. Unstructured data includes text documents, videos, images, audio files, and more.
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