Effective safety management is a fundamental requirement in construction, guided by the principle of “safety first, prevention foremost.” Corresponding safety measures should be clearly incorporated into the construction organization design. Traditionally, safety plans have often been based on past experience and general standards, lacking the necessary specificity. However, with the support of BIM technology, safety management can be significantly enhanced.
1) Construction Layout Design
In traditional construction projects, site layout plans do exist, but the actual conditions on site—such as the movement of different specialized workers and overlapping work areas—often lead to disorganized material storage, creating safety hazards. Using BIM models, planners can optimize the spatial arrangement of materials by integrating scheduling and the workflow relationships of various trades through specialized software. This not only improves construction efficiency but also allows for real-time feedback, enabling timely adjustments to the site layout. Additionally, on-site simulations help develop more targeted safety management strategies.
2) Fire Prevention Layout on Construction Sites
Fire prevention efforts on construction sites typically emphasize horizontal layout planning but often overlook considerations for the opposite sides of structures. This oversight makes it challenging to comprehensively and synchronously address changes throughout the construction process. BIM software’s simulation capabilities allow for modeling fire escape scenarios at different construction stages, based on building height. This enables the strategic placement of temporary fire-fighting equipment along safe passageways, tailored to the evolving conditions of the site.
3) Supervision of Hot Work Operations
Construction sites frequently involve open flame activities such as electrical and gas welding. Traditionally, these operations are managed through a “temporary hot work permit” system, with dedicated personnel assigned for inspection and supervision. In contrast, BIM models enable advanced control by integrating hot work scheduling. This allows managers to anticipate areas requiring hot work, monitor the distribution of such activities across the site, and focus supervision efforts on critical locations that demand close monitoring.
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