The quality of engineering projects largely depends on the design phase, which directly impacts construction and installation costs, as well as the project’s aesthetics and functionality. This phase consists of three key components: preliminary design, technical design, and construction drawing design. It typically accounts for 35% to 75% of the total project cost. The level of detail in the design directly influences the number of changes during actual construction. Therefore, the design phase is critical and must be a primary focus during audits.
In university engineering projects today, there is often a rush to bid and assign design teams to quickly produce drawings. This frequently leads to numerous design changes during construction, undermining the reliability of investment estimates, design budgets, and overall project budgeting. Later on, project stakeholders often compromise on engineering quality to offset cost overruns, which reduces investment efficiency and risks exceeding the budget.
During the design phase, auditors must thoroughly understand the standards and materials involved to ensure the scientific and reasonable use of resources. Familiarity with the bill of quantities is also essential to prevent omissions or miscalculations that could inflate project costs. This diligence helps control expenses as much as possible.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology plays a crucial role in this phase by visually representing conflicts across disciplines in a 3D model. This improves the efficiency of design review and enhances collaboration among professionals. Additionally, BIM facilitates the communication of project policies through 3D visuals, enabling designers to fully grasp the construction party’s intentions. The construction team can also visualize how their ideas will be realized, while auditors can directly provide feedback and recommendations on the model and cost control measures.
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