The period from completing the project construction drawing design to the official start of the project is known as the construction preparation stage. This phase focuses on establishing the necessary technical and material conditions, coordinating construction teams and site arrangements, and ensuring the project is ready for commencement. BIM plays a crucial role during this stage by deepening and simulating construction plans. In highway engineering, BIM can be integrated with UAV oblique photography technology to rapidly create on-site models, enabling visual analysis for pipeline relocation plans and traffic organization simulations.
(1) Design Phase Model Review and Drawing Verification
The construction team is responsible for organizing the design disclosure and drawing review process. Key steps include:
- Gathering all relevant data such as design stage models, construction drawings, and site surveys.
- The design team presents the design disclosure while participating units review the models and drawings, raise any questions, and submit these to the BIM consulting unit for consolidation.
- Each stakeholder reviews model standardization, consistency between drawings and models, and the design’s feasibility. A comprehensive drawing and model review is conducted, with minutes documented.
- Ensuring the model is updated to reflect meeting minutes and design changes.
The BIM consulting unit will compile issues raised by all parties, produce a model review report and drawing review minutes, and upload them to the BIM collaboration platform. They assist the design team in updating models and drawings based on the review outcomes, which are then re-reviewed by all units and submitted for construction team approval. Deliverables from this phase include the model review report, drawing review minutes, and revised design disclosure materials. The goal is to optimize drawings, minimize rework, and enhance project quality.
(2) Model Development During Construction Phase
Based on on-site data and construction technology requirements, the construction team enhances the design model into a detailed construction phase model. Key implementation points include:
- Integrating construction operation standards and workflows into the model according to construction needs.
- Reviewing pipeline routes and reserved openings for civil works, checking for conflicts between pipelines or with other components, and verifying the accuracy of the openings.
- Assessing the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the plans, while documenting and reporting any issues to the design team.
The BIM consulting unit supports the construction team in completing the model and reviewing problem reports. The design team then revises drawings based on the feedback. Each participating unit evaluates whether the construction phase model meets the required depth for various applications before the construction team gives final approval. Deliverables include a construction phase model issue report and updated drawings. The objective is to establish a robust model foundation for the construction plan.
(3) BIM Model Analysis and Application in Construction
During construction, the team prepares simulations for construction progress and plans for critical or challenging tasks, generating corresponding reports. The implementation focuses on using the construction model combined with the construction schedule to simulate progress, identify potential issues, optimize plans, and produce detailed application reports. The construction phase model is also used for visual presentations.
BIM consulting firms provide technical support and enhance analysis and simulation content. Supervisory and cost management units review these materials, while the BIM consulting unit compiles results for construction team approval. Outputs from this phase include simulated videos and analytical reports. The ultimate goal is to improve construction plan accuracy, optimize site layout, minimize problems during construction, enable visual project disclosure, and ensure smooth progress through the construction phase.
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