Today, the author continues with the fifth and final part of nearly one hundred essential pieces of architectural knowledge. Without further delay, let’s dive right in:
80. The flue should extend 0.6 meters above the roof.
81. When a balcony is higher than 1.0 meter above a skylight opening, only 70% of the skylight area is counted.
82. The effective daylight area of a horizontal skylight can be calculated as 2.5 times its actual daylight area.
83. The ratio of natural ventilation opening area to floor area is as follows: for bathrooms and toilets in living rooms, 1:20; for kitchens, 1:10, with a minimum of 0.8 square meters.
84. Noise standards are: 50 decibels during the day and 40 at night for bedrooms; general rooms range from 55 to 45 decibels; sound quality should be maintained at 40 decibels.
85. Net ceiling heights for main rooms in schools are: 3.1 meters for primary school classrooms; 3.4 meters for middle school classrooms and laboratories; 3.6 meters for joint classrooms; 3.1 meters for auxiliary buildings; and 2.8 meters for offices.
86. Green space per student: 2 square meters for middle school students; 1 square meter for middle school average; 0.5 square meters for primary schools.
87. Sports field area per student: 2.3 square meters for primary school; 3.3 square meters for secondary school.
88. South-facing regular classrooms should receive at least two hours of sunlight daily.
89. Appropriate school sizes: Primary schools ideally have 12–24 classes; rural areas may have as few as six classes; teaching buildings should not exceed four floors. Secondary schools typically have 18–24 classes; densely populated large cities can accommodate up to 30 classes; teaching buildings should not exceed five floors.
90. Desk spacing standards: 850 mm for primary schools (800 mm for combined classes), 900 mm for secondary schools (850 mm for combined classes); longitudinal aisle width is 550 mm (900 mm for combined classes); desk-to-wall clearance is 120 mm (550 mm for combined classes).
91. Distance from the first row of desks to the blackboard should be 2000 mm (2500 mm for combined classes). The distance from the back edge of the last row of desks to the blackboard should not exceed 8000 mm for primary school students; 8500 mm for middle school; and 18000 mm for combined classes.
92. Blackboard size requirements: height must be at least 1000 mm; width for primary schools no less than 3600 mm; for middle schools, no less than 4000 mm.
The vertical space between the bottom edge of the blackboard and the podium should be 800–900 mm for primary schools; 1000–1100 mm for middle schools.
The horizontal distance from both sides of the podium to the edges of the blackboard should be at least 200 mm; podium width should be no less than 650 mm, and height 200 mm.
93. Classroom lighting fixtures must hang at least 1.7 meters above the desktop. Light tubes should be arranged with their long axis perpendicular to the blackboard.
Vertical illumination on the blackboard should be no less than 200 lux.
The height of classroom window sills should be between 800 mm and 1000 mm.
96. The width of classroom window walls should not exceed 1200 mm.
97. Corridor widths: teaching building corridors and interior corridors should be 2100 mm; outer corridors 1800 mm; offices 1500 mm. The railing height on outer corridors must be at least 1100 mm.
98. Safety exit door widths for classrooms should be no less than 1000 mm; combined classrooms require 1500 mm.
99. All rooms in schools use a glass floor area ratio for lighting, except bathrooms and showers, which are 1:10; all other rooms follow a ratio of 1:6.
That concludes the final part of nearly one hundred architectural tips. Thank you for your support. I will continue to share more architectural insights in the future. Stay tuned!
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