This issue’s BIM knowledge focuses on the use of codes within BIM models. Although existing BIM modeling and analysis software offer various information parameter fields, the unique nature of construction projects means that most modelers must manually input data according to specific project requirements. This often makes the modeling process quite complex. While young engineers quickly learn the software’s functions, they often lack practical experience in construction, leading to incorrect data input. Conversely, many experienced engineers are resistant to adopting new modeling software due to their familiarity with traditional methods. The American BIM standard addresses this challenge by proposing the use of coding systems to embed complex building information into models (OmniClass, 2012). This strategy offers a structured way to classify construction information and serves as a promising solution.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an object-based parametric modeling technology that connects databases. Models created with BIM software must contain the necessary information to support engineering decisions. Therefore, modelers need to understand the informational requirements of different engineering decisions so they can systematically input data accordingly. This enables decision-makers to efficiently retrieve and apply the required information when needed. The American BIM standard introduces a multi-faceted classification approach using OmniClass to systematically link 3D objects with commonly used building information through standardized codes. This approach aims to achieve seamless information flow. However, in practice, the application of these general classification codes is limited. Few case studies demonstrate their use, and major modeling software only partially relies on these codes for information extraction.
To test the effectiveness of the general classification codes in distinguishing complex building information, the mechanical and electrical components within BIM models of typical construction projects were examined. Component codes, product codes, and material codes from the general classification system were systematically applied to the BIM mechanical and electrical models. Subsequently, detailed tables required by construction manufacturers were extracted and compared using both the original software’s classification system and the general classification codes.
Simulation and empirical research results indicate that combining component, product, and material codes from the general classification system enables efficient extraction of detailed data required by mechanical and electrical manufacturers. This process does not rely on different population types to generate various detailed tables, thereby enhancing automation and reducing the chance of errors. The primary drawback of the general classification codes is the lack of localization; the information they represent does not have consistent Chinese translations, which creates inconvenience. It is recommended to form a working group to localize these codes and translate their representative information into Chinese as soon as possible. This effort would significantly improve the efficiency of using BIM information in China.
Experiences from many successful BIM projects abroad reveal that the information needed for project execution remains unchanged with the adoption of BIM tools. The key challenge lies in systematically inputting information into BIM models to facilitate efficient extraction and application during construction. This is especially true for mechanical and electrical BIM models, where young engineers often struggle due to the profession’s complexity, detailed division of labor, domestic terminology, and unique specifications. As a result, significant time is spent on object drawing and property settings during model creation. Despite the large volume of input data, effective transmission and application of information often remain lacking.
That concludes this issue’s BIM knowledge segment on coding within BIM models. I hope it helps deepen your understanding of BIM.
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