To facilitate the exchange of design information, design models must adhere to universal data standards. Additionally, the unit information within these models should comply with established rules for expressing both geometric and attribute data.
BIM 3D collaborative design relies on the following key mechanisms:
(1) Centralize and efficiently manage all project information throughout its lifecycle. This allows collaborative teams to work within a unified environment, accessing necessary project data anytime. This clarity helps define team member responsibilities and enhances overall efficiency;
(2) Organize, store, and share the knowledge generated and accumulated during the project with collaborative teams, forming the foundation for enterprise knowledge management;
(3) Fully leverage information models from various disciplines at each project stage to enable smooth, real-time communication among all stakeholders, ensuring orderly coordination and seamless workflow transitions between project phases.
The geometric information representation in BIM should meet these criteria:
(1) Model units must include spatial positioning, spatial occupancy, and precise geometric representation;
(2) Spatial positioning should be accurate. Model coordinates at both the project and functional levels must align with the project’s engineering coordinates, clearly indicating the adopted plane coordinate system and elevation benchmark;
(3) Spatial occupancy of component-level units should satisfy deformation, tolerance, and operational space requirements, ensuring no overlap or interference between components;
(4) Geometric accuracy for component-level units is categorized into four levels: G1, G2, G3, and G4. These levels must comply with the national standard “Design and Delivery Standard for Building Information Modeling” (GB/T51301).
The attribute information representation in BIM should adhere to the following guidelines:
(1) Attribute information for model units should include both the style of expression and the depth of information;
(2) Attribute information style must follow a structured attribute table, including fields such as attribute group, code, name, value, and unit of measurement. When delivering models, attribute names and measurement units are mandatory;
(3) The depth of attribute information is divided into four levels: N1, N2, N3, and N4, in accordance with the “Design and Delivery Standard for Building Information Modeling” (GB/T51301).
Source: Adapted from the “Building Information Modeling (BIM) 3D Collaborative Design Process Standard”
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