The ideal application of BIM technology is to integrate it into the entire construction project lifecycle—from project initiation and design to operation, management, and maintenance—covering all possible scenarios. However, in China, BIM adoption remains limited to specific phases or applications due to a lack of widespread recognition among industry professionals and challenges in technical implementation.
Currently, BIM technology in China is primarily applied through 3D modeling, visualization, design optimization, clash detection, and construction simulation using 3D software tools. It has found broad usage across various construction-related sectors. From the perspective of different stakeholders:
① Construction Enterprises: Construction companies commonly use BIM for developing as-built models before installing mechanical and electrical pipelines, helping to resolve pipeline installation issues. This remains the main application of BIM within construction firms. Regarding cost estimation, due to unavoidable losses during construction, BIM’s cost calculation serves mainly as a reference rather than an exact figure.
② Design Institutes: Many design firms still favor traditional workflows involving CAD and SketchUp. BIM is often used to revisit projects and perform error checks, which helps reduce rework and improve design accuracy.
③ Owners: Many property owners recognize the value of BIM technology in their projects. BIM allows for simulation and visualization of construction progress, enabling timely problem-solving and minimizing changes during construction—thereby reducing waste and saving costs. Nonetheless, the majority of owners do not yet have a clear strategy for implementing BIM.
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