The key stakeholders in construction projects include the government, owners, design teams, construction companies, and operations. When examining the driving forces behind BIM development, these stakeholders can be grouped into three categories: government and industry regulatory authorities; owners, who act as buyers of various project services (including BIM services); and design, construction, and operations, who serve as the providers of these project services.
When the government recognizes the benefits of applying BIM to its own workflows, it will mandate BIM adoption for all other project stakeholders—such as owners, design teams, construction firms, and operation organizations—through laws, regulations, standards, and specifications. Similarly, owners will require their design, construction, and operation and maintenance partners to implement BIM through contractual agreements.
When design, construction, and operation organizations see the value BIM brings to their own work, they influence owners and each other by enhancing existing project services or offering value-added services. This approach helps them improve their core competitiveness and profitability while expanding their service offerings. Importantly, this dynamic encourages buyers to recognize BIM’s value for themselves, prompting owners to demand BIM services explicitly in contracts. Over time, what began as optional or additional services from sellers become standard requirements, driving overall improvements in the industry’s service quality.
The fundamental driving force behind BIM development is the recognition of its value by users themselves. This motivation can originate from any stakeholder within the industry. Regardless of the stakeholder, there are generally three approaches to applying BIM that help users realize its value:
A. Using BIM to enhance work efficiency and quality, thereby boosting core competitiveness;
B. Requiring certain stakeholders to apply BIM through contractual obligations;
C. Leveraging BIM to attract new clients and provide extended or value-added services to existing customers, thus expanding the scope of services offered.
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