Previously, I have extensively discussed the accuracy and maturity of BIM models. However, for many newcomers to BIM or those who perceive BIM merely as modeling, there remains some misunderstanding about what BIM model maturity truly entails. Today, I will clarify what BIM model maturity includes.
Level 0 BIM
This stage involves CAD drawings consisting of lines, arcs, text, and so on, without any collaborative processes. Primarily focused on 2D CAD drawings, the output is distributed via paper or electronic prints, or a combination of both. This approach remains prevalent in the industry (National BIM Report, NBS, 2014).
Level 1 BIM
At this level, 3D CAD is used conceptually, while legally approved documents and result information continue to rely on 2D drawings. There is no collaboration between different disciplines, as each party produces and manages their own data independently. This mode still represents the operational standard for most organizations today.
Level 2 BIM
Level 2 is characterized by collaborative workflows where participants each maintain independent 3D CAD models but do not work on a single shared model. Collaboration occurs through exchanging information using common format standards such as IFC (Industry Foundation Class) or COBie (Construction Operations Building Information Exchange). These standards allow seamless data sharing between participants. The UK government mandated Level 2 BIM as the minimum requirement for public projects to be completed by 2016.
Level 3 BIM
This stage represents full collaboration across disciplines within a single, shared information model — the BIM model. All stakeholders can access and modify this centralized model, which helps eliminate conflicts arising from discrepancies between different parties. The UK government set a target date of 2019 to achieve this level.
4D / 5D / 6D BIM
Following these maturity levels, concepts such as 4D, 5D, and 6D BIM emerged. 4D BIM refers to integrating time-related data to analyze project schedules. 5D BIM incorporates cost management aspects, while 6D BIM focuses on Facility Management (FM) integration (BIM levels explained, NBS, 2014).
Due to topic scope and length constraints, I have not covered BIM model accuracy here. You can click the keywords below to explore that subject!
That concludes my introduction to the maturity levels of BIM models. I hope this article proves useful to everyone!
For more related articles, please click to read: BIM Model Accuracy
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